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  <resource>
  <id>7708</id>
  <path>/www/nrich/html/content/id/7708/</path>
  <resourceTypeID>1</resourceTypeID>
  <last_published>2011-10-24T11:57:45</last_published>
  <indexXML>&lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&gt;
&lt;mdoxml version=&quot;1.0&quot;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;ThsehuyvbshwtihepueaaieieeiqelisrrbnrnnloukaTeieigotelneeshdsItafhxbosyteiatoscetefuwctnC sbqhmoatsoietapvuaencherpcheriarseoeddhhisoorasmmtsfensabuecaibeooricrasntggicfrwqisbhu eehnhataupqlamrTtanr&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;/mdoxml&gt;</indexXML>
  <solutionXML>&lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&gt;
&lt;mdoxml version=&quot;1.0&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Have you managed to solve the entire &lt;a href=&quot;http://nrich.maths.org/7081&quot;&gt;Stage 5 Cipher Challenge&lt;/a&gt;? Solutions are now closed, but perhaps you want to take up the full challenge.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
Successful solvers of this part were&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
Patrick from Woodbridge School, England&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
An Anonymous Solver from Somewhere in the US&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
Joseph from Hong Kong
&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The solution was:&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
The keyword for the last cipher was pi. The technique used in this cipher is a Caesar square. It&amp;#39;s probably a bit obvious having a square number of characters in the message. The next one might well be a combination of the techniques used so far.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/mdoxml&gt;</solutionXML>
  <noteXML>&lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&gt;
&lt;mdoxml version=&quot;1.0&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;This challenge cipher forms part of a very difficult &lt;a href=&quot;http://nrich.maths.org/7081&quot;&gt;sequence of ciphers&lt;/a&gt; suitable for keen groups or individuals, maths clubs and very optional homework challenges. Don&amp;#39;t try this in the classroom!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/mdoxml&gt;</noteXML>
  <clueXML>&lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&gt;
&lt;mdoxml version=&quot;1.0&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;This is the fifth of our &lt;a href=&quot;https://nrich.maths.org/7081&quot;&gt;challenge ciphers&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We recommend that you attempt them in order, as the solution of each challenge gives a small (and necessary!) hint for the next challenge.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/mdoxml&gt;</clueXML>
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&lt;mdoxml version=&quot;1.0&quot;&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The keyword for the last cipher was pi. The technique used in this cipher is a Caesar square. It&amp;#39;s probably a bit obvious having a square number of characters in the message. The next one might well be a combination of the techniques used so far. &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

&lt;/mdoxml&gt;</canonXML>
  <end_user_role>2</end_user_role>
  <difficulty>5</difficulty>
  <keystage1>0</keystage1>
  <keystage2>0</keystage2>
  <keystage3>0</keystage3>
  <keystage4>0</keystage4>
  <keystage4plus>1</keystage4plus>
  <title>Up a semitone?</title>
  <description>Fifth challenge cipher</description>
  <spec_group>Decision Mathematics and Combinatorics
    <specifier>Combinatorics</specifier>
  </spec_group>
  <spec_group>Decision Mathematics and Combinatorics
    <specifier>Algorithms</specifier>
  </spec_group>
  <spec_group>Applications
    <specifier>Codes and cryptography</specifier>
  </spec_group>
</resource>