Sometimes we lose things

71 /www/nrich/html/content/99/10/bbprob1/ 1 2011-02-01T00:00:01 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <mdoxml version="1.0"> Some people say "Well it's just about being tidy", but sometimes things just seem to disappear! We all use ten very useful things that come in very handy for all sorts of things. We use numerals for counting, and if you're used to NRICH Challenges, you use them for exploring. Well now, what would happen if we lost one of these numerals or digits as we call them sometimes? It could be that we lost all the nines. Or maybe back in history early man decided to count in nines instead of tens. We would have to count:- <mdo:image alt="1 to 8" height="22" src="1%20to%208.jpg" width="395"></mdo:image> and then we would have to say "one lot of nine and no units" so we'd have $10$ BUT this $10$ would NOT be read as the word TEN instead we would say NINE. [You might notice that when, before we lost it, we had the number $9$ we would say TEN when we saw $10$, but we did not have a single symbol for TEN.] So now we've lost the digit for NINE and so we have to use $10$ for NINE. So counting further we have to go:- <table style="width: 231px; height: 651px;" border="1"> <tbody> <tr> <th align="left">write</th> <th align="left">say</th> </tr> <tr> <td>$1$</td> <td>one</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$2$</td> <td>two</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$3$</td> <td>three</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$4$</td> <td>four</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$5$</td> <td>five</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$6$</td> <td>six</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$7$</td> <td>seven</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$8$</td> <td>eight</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$10$</td> <td>nine</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$11$</td> <td>nine</td> <td>one</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$12$</td> <td>nine</td> <td>two</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$13$</td> <td>nine</td> <td>three</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$14$</td> <td>nine</td> <td>four</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$15$</td> <td>nine</td> <td>five</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$16$</td> <td>nine</td> <td>six</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$17$</td> <td>nine</td> <td>seven</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$18$</td> <td>nine</td> <td>eight</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$20$</td> <td>two</td> <td>nines</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$21$</td> <td>two</td> <td>nines</td> <td>one</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$22$</td> <td>two</td> <td>nines</td> <td>two</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Much further on if we were counting all the small squares on a chess board we would have:- $71$ seven nines, one If we were counting the small squares on a snakes and ladder board you would have:- $121$ one (nine lots of nine), two nines, one Well this is such a different thing to look at we should have a look a bit further. BUT FIRST have a go at writing the numbers out in this way, and then writing down how we could say it [like I have above from $1$ to $22$] and carry on until you've reached the number of years that have gone by in this century. So going further we will have a look at the multiplications table. You might like to have a go on your own. So start off with this:- <mdo:image alt="Nos table" height="252" src="Nos%20Table.jpg" width="253"></mdo:image> You could find help <a href="/content/99/10/bbprob1/New%20results.jpg">here.</a> Now here's a table of numbers for you to investigate patterns. Have a look at the relationships between various numbers. Remember to talk about the numbers in a new way, so that the last number is "seven nines and one". [NOT "seven tens and one" or more usually as "seventy one".] There's not a lot more I want to say. Except that what ever you find out do send those findings to us because we'd like to be able to share them with others across the world! The simplest of things will interest us. I always ask you to carry on further by asking questions like:- "I wonder what would happen if I ..." You might, for example ask, "I wonder what would happen if the $8$ got lost as well as the $9$?" So we would go:- $1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12$ to count our fingers and thumbs. Another example might be "What if when we lost the $9$ we had a look at some big addition calculations?" like :- <pre> 24 + 36 + 78 + 65 + 2 </pre> or maybe you'd prefer it as <pre> 24 36 78 65 2 ___ ___ </pre> You should get the answer $227$ [that is two (nine nines), two nines and seven] I invite you to invent some good "I wonder what would happen if I ...?" questions and follow those questions further. Good luck. </mdoxml> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <mdoxml version="1.0"> There are lots of answers to this problem, depending on what questions you choose to ask. Have a go yourself, and if you discover anything interesting, <a href="mailto:%20nrich@damtp.cam.ac.uk">e-mail</a> us to tell us what you've done! Please don't worry that your solution is not "complete" - we'd like to hear about anything you have tried. Teachers - you might like to send in a summary of your children's work. </mdoxml> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <mdoxml version="1.0"><div class="embed"> <h2>Sometimes we lose things</h2> Some people say "Well it's just about being tidy", but sometimes things just seem to disappear! We all use ten very useful things that come in very handy for all sorts of things. We use numerals for counting, and if you're used to NRICH Challenges, you use them for exploring. Well now, what would happen if we lost one of these numerals or digits as we call them sometimes? It could be that we lost all the nines. Or maybe back in history early man decided to count in nines instead of tens. We would have to count:- <mdo:image alt="1 to 8" height="22" src="1%20to%208.jpg" width="395"></mdo:image> and then we would have to say "one lot of nine and no units" so we'd have $10$ BUT this $10$ would NOT be read as the word TEN instead we would say NINE. [You might notice that when, before we lost it, we had the number $9$ we would say TEN when we saw $10$, but we did not have a single symbol for TEN.] So now we've lost the digit for NINE and so we have to use $10$ for NINE. So counting further we have to go:- <table style="width: 231px; height: 651px;" border="1"> <tbody> <tr> <th align="left">write</th> <th align="left">say</th> </tr> <tr> <td>$1$</td> <td>one</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$2$</td> <td>two</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$3$</td> <td>three</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$4$</td> <td>four</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$5$</td> <td>five</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$6$</td> <td>six</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$7$</td> <td>seven</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$8$</td> <td>eight</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$10$</td> <td>nine</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$11$</td> <td>nine</td> <td>one</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$12$</td> <td>nine</td> <td>two</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$13$</td> <td>nine</td> <td>three</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$14$</td> <td>nine</td> <td>four</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$15$</td> <td>nine</td> <td>five</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$16$</td> <td>nine</td> <td>six</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$17$</td> <td>nine</td> <td>seven</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$18$</td> <td>nine</td> <td>eight</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$20$</td> <td>two</td> <td>nines</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$21$</td> <td>two</td> <td>nines</td> <td>one</td> </tr> <tr> <td>$22$</td> <td>two</td> <td>nines</td> <td>two</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Much further on if we were counting all the small squares on a chess board we would have:- $71$ seven nines, one If we were counting the small squares on a snakes and ladder board you would have:- $121$ one (nine lots of nine), two nines, one Well this is such a different thing to look at we should have a look a bit further. BUT FIRST have a go at writing the numbers out in this way, and then writing down how we could say it [like I have above from $1$ to $22$] and carry on until you've reached the number of years that have gone by in this century. So going further we will have a look at the multiplications table. You might like to have a go on your own. So start off with this:- <mdo:image alt="Nos table" height="252" src="Nos%20Table.jpg" width="253"></mdo:image> You could find help <a href="/content/99/10/bbprob1/New%20results.jpg">here.</a> Now here's a table of numbers for you to investigate patterns. Have a look at the relationships between various numbers. Remember to talk about the numbers in a new way, so that the last number is "seven nines and one". [NOT "seven tens and one" or more usually as "seventy one".] There's not a lot more I want to say. Except that what ever you find out do send those findings to us because we'd like to be able to share them with others across the world! The simplest of things will interest us. I always ask you to carry on further by asking questions like:- "I wonder what would happen if I ..." You might, for example ask, "I wonder what would happen if the $8$ got lost as well as the $9$?" So we would go:- $1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12$ to count our fingers and thumbs. Another example might be "What if when we lost the $9$ we had a look at some big addition calculations?" like :- <pre> 24 + 36 + 78 + 65 + 2 </pre> or maybe you'd prefer it as <pre> 24 36 78 65 2 ___ ___ </pre> You should get the answer $227$ [that is two (nine nines), two nines and seven] I invite you to invent some good "I wonder what would happen if I ...?" questions and follow those questions further. Good luck. </div> <h3>Why do this problem?</h3> <div>This <a href="http://nrich.maths.org/public/viewer.php?obj_id=71&part=">investigation</a> can be seen as one to introduce multibase work. Many articles have been written about the use of working in different bases. Some of you will remember using Dienes Multibase Blocks for the same purpose. It can certainly be of use to help pupils really get a better grip of the four rules of number and what is happening when we are working in our own base ten.</div> <div>On the other hand it is a useful investigation in its own right and from the multiplication table many patterns can be found. It is good to encourage pupils to get to the reasons WHY these patterns and relationships occur.</div> <h3>Possible approach</h3> <div>It is possible to have aliens that have nine "fingers" instead of ten. You can then go through some simple counting and adding on as if you are this nine-fingered alien.</div> <div>Having done this outloud, you could introduce the way of writing the numbers to the group before suggesting they continue themselves.</div> <h3>Key questions</h3> <div>Tell me about this counting in groups of $9$.</div> <h3>Possible extension</h3> <div>You might find it very useful to explore the similarity with multiplying by $8$ in this system compared to using $9$ in the base $10$ system.</div> <div>There are strong links to digital roots which you can read about <a href="http://nrich.maths.org/public/viewer.php?obj_id=5524&part=">here.</a> There are also some other NRICH challenges that could be worthwhile looking at after this one: <a href="http://nrich.maths.org/public/viewer.php?obj_id=31&part=">Consecutive Numbers</a> and <a href="http://nrich.maths.org/public/viewer.php?obj_id=33&part=">EWWNP</a> (Exploring Wild & Wonderful Number Patterns).</div> <h3>Possible support</h3> <div>Some children will find it useful to have something that can show the number nine physically - a toy alien with nine fingers for example.</div> </mdoxml> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <mdoxml version="1.0"> This investigation can be seen as one to multibase work. Many articles have been written about the use of working in different bases. Some of you will remember using Dienes Multibase Blocks for the same purpose. It can certainly be of use to help pupils really get a better grip of the four rules of number and what is happening when we are working in out own base ten. On the other hand it is a useful investigation in its own right and from the multiplication table many patterns can be found. It is somewhat easier for 9-11 year old pupils to get to the reasons WHY these patterns and relationships occur, than in many of the other investigations that you may have explored through this website. You might find it very useful to explore the similarity with multiplying by 8 in this system compared to using 9 in the base 10 system. There are strong links to DIGITAL ROOTS which have been used in previous Nrich Challenges * Consecutive Numbers 31 * EWWNP 33 article D.R. 5524 Here we see the multiplication table with the numbers changed into the digital root within the system of working in base 9. Just try comparing this to the same table for base 10 and with digital roots!! <div style="text-align: center;"><mdo:image width="373" height="331" src="TableofAns.jpg" alt="Multiplication"></mdo:image></div> <div style="text-align: center;"></div> </mdoxml> 2 5 0 1 0 0 0 Sometimes we lose things Well now, what would happen if we lost all the nines in our number system? Have a go at writing the numbers out in this way and have a look at the multiplications table. Calculations and Numerical Methods Multiplication & division Using, Applying and Reasoning about Mathematics Investigations Numbers and the Number System Number bases Calculations and Numerical Methods Addition & subtraction