Baby Circle


Why do this problem?

This question uses the formula for the distance between two points and leads naturally to the formula for the equation of a circle. It could be used to introduce the formula for the circle.

The problem also involves the use of geometrical properties of circles, the use of Pythagoras Theorem and manipulation of surds.

Possible approach

Either individually, in pairs or groups, or as a class, the learners should plan how they are going to tackle this problem (see Key Questions).

Key questions
What information is given?
What have we to find, the unknown(s)?
What information can we use from the geometrical properties of the diagram?
How can we use the information to write down expressions involving the unknown that can be put together to make up an equation?

Extension:
See the problem Ford Circles
(Thank you Bernard Murphy for these suggestions ) There are lots of other opportunities for the learners to ask their own questions here: e.g. In a square of side 2, draw four circles diameter 1 touching a central circle of radius $r$. What is $r$? Ask students to submit their questions along these lines rather than just find answers to given questions. You could include a graphic calculator activity, asking for equations of circles in given diagrams such as Olympic Rings, circles within circles, circles centred on $y=2x$ touching each other and axes etc.