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This method of proof can easily be generalised to prove that Ön
is irrational when n is not a square number.
What is the length of the diagonal of a square with sides of length 2?
How do we find the value of Ö2?
What number has 2 as its square?
What is the side of a square which has area 2?
Now (1.4)2=1.96, so the number Ö2 is roughly 1.4. To get a
better approximation divide 2 by 1.4 giving about 1.428, and take
the
average of 1.4 and 1.428 to get 1.414. Repeating this process,
2¸1.414 » 1.41443 so 2 » 1.414 ×1.41443, and the
average of these gives the next approximation 1.414215. We can continue
this process indefinitely getting better approximations but never finding the
square root exactly.
If Ö2 were a rational number, that is if it could be written as a
fraction p/q where p and q are integers, then we
could find the exact value. The proof sorter shows that this number is
IRRATIONAL so we cannot find an exact value.